nazret.com Merkato Blog

Ethiopia - What a dubious archaeological finding?

Recently I have read an article entitled: Archaeologists find queen of Sheba’s palace at Aksum. The archaeologists from Hamburg Germany do believe in finding an altar of ancient Judaism. On the contrary, another group of German archaeologists have earlier presented their excavations from Yemen and there was a televised show about the queen of Sheba. Moreover, an English man has explicitly commented that the queen of Sheba could not be found in Africa. How could then the group led by Helmut Ziegert alleged to have discovered the palace of queen of Sheba at Aksum?

Well and good let they assume she is from South Arabia. That doesn’t matter. As the Arabian Peninsula was part and parcel of the African continent till the coming of European colonialism and expansion. The original inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were black Africans and spoke a Cushitic language. Pastoralists with longhorn-and shorthorn type cattle occupied the Arabian Peninsula. The rock art of the Hametic Longhorn type in Yemen is similar to that found in central Sahara. Murdoc (1959) has correctly concluded that Cushitic-speaking nomadic pastoralists migrated with their longhorn (Bos taurus) cattle to Northeast Africa. According to Lenormant (1890), Diop (1974), Hailu Habtu (1987), Obenga, Teshale Tibebu, Asres Yenesew (1943), and Ayele Bekri (1997) a Kametic (Cushitic) empire existed throughout Arabia. Besides that pharaoh Tuthmosis III (1479-1425 B.C) conquered the Arabian Peninsula and Aksum annexed it twice to its African empire.
The truth of the matter is, that many of the so-called Ethiopianst scholars, archaeologists and ethnologists have deliberately distorted the African origin of the Ethiopian civilization and were spreading hotchpotch just to undermine the Ethiopian role as torch bearer of freedom and the only bastion of African independence. The self-called Westerners make claim to own exclusively the ancient Egyptian civilization by flatly rejecting the cultural, geographical, historical and racial connections between Egypt, Nubia, Ethiopia and other parts of Africa.

The objective of the excavation is said to document the “orgins of the Ethiopian state and the orthodox church.” What a mess!!
Unlike many west European countries including Italy and Germany, the Ethiopian state and people have a written history of more than five thousands years. Ethiopia does not need any documentation. Thus, it isn’t at all their business to excavate at the ancient holly city of Aksum to distort and misinterpret. So far, there have been many archaeological excavations at Aksum. Most of them are the die-hard proponents of the “South Arabian origin

of the Ethiopian civilization.” Without even a carbon dating they have assigned very low dates not to negate the Euro centric world order of the 19 th century.

The confused periodization of the Aksumite civilization has excluded its predecessor the Punite and Daamite civilization. In fact, Aksum is older than Memphis, Thebes, Napata, Athen, Rome, Jerusalem, and Sana etc.

According to M. Gilbert who visited Ethiopia:
There are no obelisks either at Rome or in Egypt, which can be compared to those at Aksum, whether as regards the workmanship or the height… The obelisks, in my opinion belong to the dynasty contemporary, or perhaps, anterior, to that of the pharaohs of Egypt.
And yet Anno Dilmann one of the followers of Hegel manufactured in his discourse “über die Anfänge des Axumitischen Reiches“, the obelisks of Aksum, the rock-hewn churches etc. were carved by foreign (Egyptian and Greek) workers but not by Ethiopians. Little wonder in view of these bigots black Africans are incapable of making their own history and civilization. The Hegelian concept of history in the continental Africa begins with the colonial settlers from Europe. The hegemonies of Westerners are established by distorting the history of Africans, Asians and Native Americans and by romantic philosophy.
The group from Hamburg perpetuates the same old story and confusion.
On the one hand, it has become an accepted “truth” that queen of Sheba is from south Arabia (Yemen) and on the other hand her existence at Aksum in the first milllenium B.C is flatly rejected. She is declared the “legendary queen of Ethiopia” and Kibre Negest (The glory the kings) the supreme myth.of Ethiopia’s Solomonic origins.
The Christian Aksumite Empire in the sixth century during the reign of emperor Caleb was one of the four super powers, which was able to protect the Monophysite world. So the Copts have composed the substantial core of the Kibre Negest to glorify the Ethiopian monarch of the period i.e. emperor Caleb, as heir to Solomon. This is testified by the Armenian writer Abu Salih, living in Egypt in the late twelfth century.

There are discrepancies between the “arrival of Judaism in Ethiopia“ and the queen of Sheba as ruler of South Arabia (Yemen). In fact many Africans have customs in common with the ancient Hebrew nomadic pastor lists. Circumcision was and is an Ethiopian and Egyptian ritual and Moses leader and lawgiver of the Hebrew nomads was an Egyptian priest educated in all Egyptian wisdom and science of medicine. The Hebrew concept of creation as embodied in Genesis did not emerge before about 1000 B.C. The earliest Egyption civilization and theory of creation appeared about 3000 B.C

Therefore, “Judaism” did not arrive to Ethiopia or Africa. The Exodus is also from Africa to Western Asia. The most interesting books that constitute the Old Testament such as Proverbs and Ecclesiastes were in fact copy of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic texts namely the proverbs of Amen-em Ope.

Ethiopia is one of the first countries, which were converted to Christianity. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church has combined the teachings of the Old and the New Testament. The Orthodox Church of Armenia, Ethiopia, Syria and India maintained the one nature of God
Eurocentriscts such as Adrian Hastings (1994) attribute this unique nature of the Ethiopian church to “Hebraic Influence” especially from the Hellenistic Judaism of Alexandria. He stated further that the early Christianity in Alexandria developed within a highly Jewish context and the practice of circumcision became established as a characteristic of Egyptian Christianity. The apostles to Rome and Greece were all Greek speaking Hebrews. Why then there was not Hebraic influence of circumcision and the Ark of the Covenant in “European Christianity”? In western Europe after the collapse of the Western Empire began the erosion of the sacred imagined community. Subsequently Pseudotheology and the so-called romantic philosophy developed instead of Hellenistic Judaism. This resulted in Anti-Semitism and flagrant racism since the eighteenth century and culminating in the Holocaust mankind’s tragedy.
It is reported that the cult of Sothis developed in Ethiopia with the arrival of Judaism and the Ark of the Covenant at Aksum.
This assumption is sheer nonsense and is in contradiction with what they have previously propagated about the Felashas. The Felashas (the so-called Ethiopian Jew) were not accepted by Zionists as racially “Jewish.”

Thanks to the overthrow of the oldest traditional monarchy in the world and the coming of the cold war into Ethiopia that the Felashas were recognized as “Jew” for the sake of geopolitical strategies.
The question now to ask is, when and where did start the so-called the cult of Sothis at Aksum?

The birth of our calendar
Ancient Egypt and Ethiopians use the solar calendar, which has a yearly cycle of twelve months, and it begins in September after the end of the rainy season when the great Nile River overflowed its banks and the flora of the Ethiopian highland begins to bloom.
A precise astronomical determination of the day on which the brightest of the fixed stars, Sirius, rose on the horizon together with the sun and remained visible for a few moments until it faded with the advance of dawn. This natural phenomenon was called the rising of Sirius. Each of the twelve months consisted of thirty days. As the year consisted of 365 days, the extra 5 days were added at the end of the year as the birthdays of the great gods and observed as festivals during which no work was done.

The priests of the Nile valley were also aware of still missing a quarter of a day (365 1/ 4) days.
Ancient Ethiopians knew that it would take Sirius 1460 years (365* 4) to get back exactly to the same point on the horizon. This is known as the Sothic cycle. Sothic being the Greek name for Sirius.
The Greek borrowed the Egyptian solar calendar, art, architecture, engineering, astronomy, mathematics, medicine and other sciences almost two and half millennia later. The black people of the Nile valley are the pioneer of science, medicine, geometry, law, astronomy, architecture, agriculture, philosophy, etc.

The myth of Semitic Arabia

The “Semitic Arabian origin” and the “diffusion” of any other civilization into the highlands of ancient Ethiopia were invented to minimize the testimony of the splendour stelae of ancient Aksum, its numerous historical artefacts, the dressed statues and foremost to falsify its cultural, geographical and racial relationship with Nubia and ancient Egypt along the Nile river from south to north. When did civilization started in ancient Greece? Ethiopia and Egypt are the cradle of civilization and mankind. The Greeks got later all wisdom and knowledge from the Nile valley in Africa and the Middle East. They continually recorded and passed to the late generation, which they had learnt, orally from the learned men of Africa.
Martin Bernal’s Black Athena does corroborate theses facts that Afro-Asiatic languages and the Nile Valley ancient civilization are the fundamental basis of the Greco-Roman civilization. When ancient Greece and its successor Rome count their civilization by centuries, ancient Egypt and Ethiopia of Africa can count by millennium, and the remains of that splendour now eclipse the remains of any other country in the world.

Unlike ancient Egypt, the independent existence of the Ethiopian nation since time immemorial in the in the heart of Africa is a thorn in the flesh of all racists and colonial aspirants of the 19th century.
It would be better for all “archaeologists” to excavate the legendary palace of king Solomon in Palestine rather than fabricating age-old Eurocentric views on Africans. There has been neither archaeological nor historical evidence for the existence king Solomon and his palace. The Bible is neither a historical record of past nor an ethnographic description.

On the other hand, the kings of Egypt and Ethiopia have left numerous inscriptions to testify their existence in time and space.
The non-African dogmatic belief that the Sabean “Semitic colonists” from the Arabian Peninsula are the creators of the Ethiopian civilization, its culture, religion and language is the most pervasive Eurocentric manipulation.

In the 19th century there was an ethnographic show of “noble savages” in west European and North American metropolis. Black Africans, red Indians especially Pygmies from central Africa, Zulus and Somali children riding an ostrich were on show in many zoological gardens. As the ethnographic exhibition reached it climax, the Ethiopian black people led by Emperor Minelik won a decisive victory over the European colonial power at the famous battle of Adwa in 1896. Thereafter, Ethiopians were explained away to be "Caucasoid" white colonists from southwestern Asia (Arabian Felix).

Since Ethiopia repulsed and resisted the scramble of Africa, Westerners and their social engineers used science and pseudotheology to propagate all sorts of anti-Ethiopian conspiracies such as the “Hametic and Semitic“ myths have been systematically fabricated. Any traces of civilization on the African soil is claimed to be the brainchild of the “Hametic super race.“ So the great wall of Zimbabwe was attributed to be the work of ancient colonists of the Middle East. The “Hamaites and the Semites” were assumed to be immigrants from the Middle East. Wainwright (1949) and Jeffery (1954) propagated the once commonly held idea that the monumental sites of the Great Zimbabwe were produced by the nomadic Oromo (Galla) invaders from Ethiopia in the ninth century.
Europeans of the eighteenth century such as Gobineau devised a hierarchy of races in accordance with the theory of social Darwinism. Thereby, ‘whites’ especially the Anglo-Saxon (Teutons) race was placed in the phyla of ‘Caucasoid’ at the apex, the ‘Mongoloid and Semite’ in between and the so-called ‘Negroid race‘ at the bottom of the ladder. Besides that the mythology of Indo-Germanic, Aryan Herrenvolkism, was made up by some half-educated East Indian company social engineers being called Orientalists just to exploit and subjugate the Indian sub-continent

Occidental Christians who call themselves Catholic and the several Protestant denominations have no difference in their theology. The political fragmentation and the religious upheaval of the sixteenth century are due to the power struggle between the Romance and Germanic nations of Western Europe. It should not be forgotten that the so-called Catholic crusaders of Western Europe in the 12-century ransacked Constantinople, the metropolis of the Byzantine Empire.
The growth and global expansion of capitalism began with enslavement of Africans, Asians and Americans. The Bible was then used to justify enslavement of black Africans. According to some western theological school the “curse of Noah” was the main cause for blackness but not the melanin in the dermal tissue.

Zionists are using the fabulous story of queen of Sheba to steal the Ethiopian unique cultural heritage. Consequently the Felasha were converted to Zionism and displaced from the land of their birth. The campaign of displacing has no end. Zionists are conspiring to depopulate and uproot Ethiopian Christianity in the disguise of Judaism. Orthodox Christian Agaus (Felasha Mura) are collected from their villages to be lifted to Palestine. The Flashas who are now in Israel are victims of racial abuses and are guinea pigs for bigoted sociologists and anthropologists.

What is Semitic?

Semitic is a designation for a group of languages both in Africa and Asia. Schloezer introduced the term. According to the Genesis, people who spoke the Semitic languages are the decendants of Shem the son of Noah. On the other hand, the term Cushitic is given to the nations of kam, the son of Noah and the father of Cush. The Biblical classification of nations is founded neither upon linguistic nor upon ‘race’. The term Hameto-Semitic was introduced by the famous German Egyptologist Karl Richard Lepsius and is now replaced by Afro-Asiatic language family. Afro-Asiatic languages originated from Ethiopia.
“Proto-Semitic” language speakers have lived in the Ethiopian Rift Valley and plateaus since prehistory. In central and southern Ethiopia, there are thousand obelisks with hieroglyphic signs. They are widespread in southern and central Ethiopia extending from Gurageland to Lake Turkana. Father Azias has studied these ancient monuments.
The “Semitic” family is divided into three branches: eastern, northwestern and Southern. Arabic and Ethiopic (Geez) belong to southern Semitic. Semitic speaking people are not from the same race. For example different races such as black and brown speak the Arabic language. On the other hand the Cushitic and the so-called Ethio-semitic speaking people in Africa belong to the same race (ethiopid race).

The languages of Africa in general and that of Ethiopia in particular have been classified based on geography and racial basis. The Semitic and Cushitic dichotomy is an occidental divisive hypothesis masterminded by Leo Reinisch. In the age-old Ethiopian tradition it does not exist The Ethiopian classical language Geez is classified as the house of Kam. The son of Kam is Kush (Kusa, Kusayi). The holly city of Aksum was founded by Kush the first son of Kam. Aksum means the metropolis of Cushites. According to Aleka Taye the Agaw, the Amahara, the Gurage, the Argoba and the Tigree people of Ethiopia have a common ancestor.
Therefore, it is time to rectify the fake division of the Ethiopian people into Cushitic and Semitic groups.

For example, the Amharic language cognates more than 70 % to the Agaw language of central Ethiopia and yet Amharic is classified by western “scholars” as “Semitic” and the Agaw language as “ Hametic or Cushitic.” Geez is not a south Semitic language. It did not origin from south Arabia but in the heart of Africa in the Nile Valley. Geez is more ancient and more grammatically superior to Aramaic, Arabic and Greek.

There has been a considerable difference of opinion among genuine linguists as to the criteria to be applied when identifying an Ethiopic (Geez) language as a Semitic. The late Soviet scholars A.B Dolgopolsky and Igor Diakonoft did not classify Ethiopic as a “south Semitic”. Geez must have its own independent classification. Some characteristics, which do not allow Geez to classify it into “Semitic” language:
- the indication of the vowels,
- has no definite Article,
- its grammar is purely Kametic,
- posses very hard sound like Qe, Ge, Te, etc
- Geez and all other related Ethiopian languages have a sharp distiction between imperfect and subjenction
- Geez is written from left to right unlike the so-called Semitic scripts like Arabic and Hebrew.
True, Geez has come into contact with other neibouring languages such as Aramaic, Acadian, Greek, Arabic, and Coptic etc. In this regard the role played by Judaeo-Christian missionaries and merchants is very significant. They had brought new vocabularies, which Geez has in common with other languages. Geez did not originate from Sabean. Quite contrary Sabean was derived from Hymaritic, a language that was spoken in province of Ethiopia across the Uatur or the Red Sea. The Sabean inscription found in Yemen is not older than 100 BC. The very old inscription of Sabean emanated from the oldest city at Jeha in ancient Ethiopia. Geez does not resemble Sabean in vocabulary, syntax and proper name. Most of the inscription found Yemen is a contemporary record of events during the Aksumite Ethiopia. Inscription written in Geez and Sabean from Ethiopian Soil date back to 6th century B.C
The different ethnic groups and languages of Ethiopia have become a guinea pig for western “scholars” who are using their art and science of divisiveness. In the name of self-determination of ethnic groups the ancient black nation has to be partitioned into Bantustans, which would be vassal states loyal to westerners.
The Origins of the Ethiopian State
The Ethiopian region extending from East Africa to the Upper Egypt was settled in the early Palaeolithic period. As a result of climatic change, the different tribes of Ethiopia were forced to live in the savannas surrounding the Nile. They become hunters, fruit gatherers and fishers. The drying up of the savannah during Neolithic period resulted in mass dispersion of the population to the different parts of Africa, the Middle East and southwest Asia. Some Ethiopians migrated towards the southern parts of Africa in the direction of Congo and Zambezi basins and others went towards the west along the banks the river Oya (Niger). In the most ancient time black people inhabited the northern part of Africa and the Middle East. The Sumerians were black people who lived in Mesopotamia. The indigenous inhabitant ants of the Indian sub-continent, the Dravidians, the original inhabitants of Australia, Tasmania, and Polynesia, New Zealand are all black people.
Population pressure resulted in the hunters to become stockbreeders. This transition took place along the banks, valleys and deltas of the rivers. The most ancient farming settlement of Africa in the Nile Valley gave rise to the successive culture of the various tribes of Africa. In the Nile valley and the Ethiopian plateau the struggle for land and cattle ensued from the development the petty states. From an aggregation of these states grew the ancient Ethiopian state and civilization contemporary to ancient Egyptian. Ethiopians have nothing to do with the so-called Sabean immigrants from Arabia.
The Greek historian Herodotus (480- 425 B.C) who visited Egypt has described the relationship between the Ethiopians and the Egyptians. They alone among mankind have practised circumcision since time immemorial and others such as the Phoenicians and Syrians learnt the practice from the Egyptians and Ethiopians.
According to Diodorus of Sicily, Greek historian, Ethiopia colonized Egypt. At the beginning of the world Egypt was simply a sea but the Nile carrying down vast quantities of loam from Ethiopia in its flood waters, finally filled it in and made it part of the continent
Kamit or Kmt was the native name of ancient Egypt, which means the black land. The Biblical Kam is most probably derived from Kamit. Ancient Kamit and Ethiopia were part and parcel of the black man’s civilization in the world. A genuine scholar of history cannot separate ancient Ethiopia and Egypt. Racists have flatly asserted that ancient Egyptians were whites and distorted the development of history in the Nile Valley. They have no ears and eyes for everything, which the black man did and does in the history of mankind. Time and again it has been propagated in the name of science and history the theory of “superior and inferior” races. The black race is categorically characterised as uncivilized. And anything of African origin is thought to be either imported or diffused from Europe or Asia. For example Carlo Conti Rosisini one of the pseudoethiopianst claimed that Treatise Zara Yakob and of Walde Heywat were the work of an Italian Missionary named Giusto D’Urbino in the 19th century. Zera Yakob was the famous Ethiopian philosopher in 17th century.

According to the hieroglyphic text an authentic civilization began as early as 2500 B.C in Ethiopia. The successive Punt, Damat and Axumite civilizations have their root in Africa (Jacqueline Pirenne, Du Bois, Drsuilla Dunjee Houstone, Rodolfo Fatovitch, 1987).
Punt the Land of the Abasha Ancient Egyptians hieroglyphic records of more than thirteen centuries (2500-1170 BC) bear the existence of the country called PWNT (Punt) and its people called Abesha in Northeast Africa. Punt was a holy land (Taneter) and was regarded as an ancestral homeland of the Pharaohs of ancient Egypt.
In the 5 th Dynasty at the height of the Pyramid Age began the earliest record on Punt during the reign of Sahure (2450 BC). Sixty years later there is a record on the expidtion to Punt land led by Harhuf. He brought back a dancing dwarf (denk). Pharaoh Pepi II (2270 BC) sent an expidition to Punt.

During the reign of Senusert II one of the most interesting records of that age was a group of 37 Aamu of Shu brought a tribute of Kolh. The leader of the delegation leading a tamed ibex, his title and name is before him heq setu Abasha, which means princes of the hill country. Abasha means the father of a present. The inscription of Wadi Hammamat from the XI Dynasty (2134-2040 B.C) records the expedition to the holy land of Punt by the high offical Henu. Punt was one of the countries supposed to be under the jurisdiction of Hathor, the godess of beauty (nbt Pun). In the in script of the XII Dynasty reads: uru nu pun, which means the chiefs of Punt greet you the king of Kemet and the son of the nine nations (peoples). Horus had also the nickname nb Pun (Lord of Punt).

The scotish traveller James Bruce in the 18 th centuries has seen a stela inscribed in hieroglyphs sign at Aksum, which was dedicated to Horus. The god Horus was son of Isis and Osris. The reigning king was regarded as the living Horus. In ancient Egypt the king was not a mortal, he was a god.

This stela was stolen and is now in Scotish Museum.
Queen Hatshepsut (1486-1468 BC) who declared herself the daughter Amon and ruled as Pharaoh sent the famous Punt expidtion and erected the two great oblisks at the Temple of Kranak. Besides that she built the magnificently beautiful tomb and temple complex at Deir el-Bahri. The voyage to Punt land was depicted in the entire south-end wall of the Temple. Bas-relief shows the Punites and their chief named Parahu and his wife Atiya.

The fleet brought back gums, myrrh, frankincense, Civet, baboon, cattle, asses, ebony, balsam Ostrich feather, electrum, Panther skins, rhino, Work people, gold, malachite, lapis lazuli Ebony, Giraffe, spices etc.

Tuthmosis II (1490-1436 B.C) has twice received the products of Punt. The trade expidtion was bilateral. The Punites undertake an expidition via the Red Sea coast during the reign of Tuthmosis II and Amenophis III (1391-1353 B.C) and this was depicted in the private tomb-chapels of four high Thebean officials.

The expidition sent by Ramesses III (1184-1153 BC) to Punt is recorded in the Great Papyrus Harris I.
The location of Punt and its geographical extent has been precisely determined (K.A Kitchen, 1990). The Gulf of Aden and the Afar-Somali coast have been discarded. Any non-African location of Punt had been excluded once and forever.

The XXVI th Dynasty (715-664 BC) left us a valuable stela, which reads:
… Rain fall upon the mountain of Punt… rain was a scarcity in the southern provinces… this month in which its rain was, when it was not the season (for) it, even in the delta towns; your mother (the godess) Neith had brought it for you - a Nile-flood to sustain your forces.
Rain falling in the mountains of Punt and the subsequent Nile inundation into Egypt has shown that Punt was located in the northwest Ethiopian highlands. The ebony (Dalbergia melanoxylm) obtained from Punt was from the regions of northwester Ethiopia (Gojam and Begemider).

The Abasha people of Punt did not come from anywhere; they are the indigenous black, red and brown Africans since time immoral.
Bas-reliefs in Deir-al Bahari at Thebes depict the Ethiopians cultivating myrrh and incense in the land of Punt. The people of Punt belonged to the same race as Pharaoh of Egypt (Kemit). In ancient Egypt there were four types of human races: red, yellow, black and white (H. Brugsch, 1858)

Linguistic Relation

The ancient Egyptian language is related to many Ethiopian languages such as Agaw, Amharic, Tigrigna, Kunama, Wolamigna, Keficho, Gonga, Gafat and Geez. All have in common monosyllabic words. Above all, the formation of the plural in Amharic is derived from ancient Egyption language (W.Vyciciil, 1952). Many Egyptian words and grammer cognates with Amharic, Geez, Tigrigna and Agaw For example:
ATEB (land, region), AT (queen, mistress; great lady), ATI (King, emperor) BER (door, Gate), MUT (death), MEMSHER (Evening), MERA (to guide), MERIT (earth), MESS, HARA, SEWU (man), SEET (women), SHIFTA, TARE (Enemy), TENA (to grow old, old aged man), TUAA (Morning), etc. (E.A W Budge, 1978).

The Egyptian hieroglyphic writing system like Geez has only first order character. Furthermore, the Merotic Ethiopian alphabet has resemblance with the Geez. A six lines seal of queen Hendike Taktidamini from the ancient city of Merowe is to be seen in Berlin Museum. Two dots are used to separate words the same as in Geez, Amharic and Tigrigna.
The so-called Roman and Greek alphabets were derived form the “semitic” consonantal alphabet that emanated from Egyptian hieroglyphic writing. This was witnessed by the work of Sir William Flinders Petrie who discovered the Proto-Sinaitic inscriptions and Sir Alan Gardiner who proved the “semitic alphabet” is derived from Egyption hieroglyphic writing system. At the temple to goddess Hathor in Sinai Peninsula, an inscription which was to be read as Baalat was discovered.
The word Baal in Geez, Amharic and Tigrigna is a sacred term. Baal is a religious anniversary, a day of rest and festivity celebrated weekly, monthly or yearly. For example:
Ethiopian and ancient Egyptian New Year in the first half of September
Gena (Xmas) on the 7th January

The Proto-Sinaitic alphabet is directly related to Ethioipian Geez alphabet than to any other so-called North-western Semitic family. Ethiopic (Geez) and ancient Egyptian writing systems are the origin of the alphabet.

Prof. Ayo
Africanologist